The most efficient tilt for photovoltaic panels in Rochester, New York at a latitude of 43.17°:
Your photovoltaic panels need to be angled facing south.
If you're mounting the photovoltaic panels at a stationary angle, such as on your roof, the most efficient angle is 35.9°.
If you're planning to change the angle of your photovoltaic panels twice per year, the most efficient angle is 19.1° in summer months and 57° in winter months.
If you're planning to change the angle of your photovoltaic panels each season, the most efficient angle is 15.4° in summer months and 62.4° in winter months, and 40° in autumn and spring months.